Weather & climate
Weather and climate: forecasts, reanalyses, heat, drought and the models that project them.
articles
- A just world on a safe planet: Earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations article draft
A 2024 report in The Lancet Planetary Health by Gupta and colleagues for the Earth Commission, on Earth-system boundaries, their translations and transformations. The Commission's safe and just boundaries cover Earth systems including biodiversity, land, freshwater, nutrients, climate and air pollution.
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Essay by a climate data visualiser at the Copernicus Climate Change Service (ECMWF) on how the charts in its climate bulletins and reports are made, from daily variable tracking to the final graphic.
Paper in Science Advances led by Climate Central, by Daniel M. Gilford, Yucheng Lin, Kristina Dahl, Andrew J. Pershing, Robert E. Kopp and Benjamin H. Strauss, that estimates how much of the rise in extreme water levels at 519 tide gauges worldwide is due to human-caused sea level rise.
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Nature paper by Emanuele Bevacqua, Erich Fischer, Jana Sillmann and Jakob Zscheischler that ranks CMIP6 climate models by a sector-specific impact driver and shows that at 2 °C of warming the worst-case models for floods, breadbasket droughts and forest fire weather exceed the model average at 3 °C.
- Sea-level contribution from Thwaites Glacier doubles in an observation-constrained ice-sheet model article draft
Paper in Nature Communications by Mattia Poinelli, Eric Rignot, Hélène Seroussi and colleagues that calibrates the ISSM ice-sheet model of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica, to observations from 1996 to 2023 and runs it forward to 2100.
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A 2021 paper in Earth System Dynamics by Donges and colleagues that proposes three taxa of modelled subsystems, biophysical, socio-cultural and socio-metabolic, and a scheme for classifying the interactions between them.
Weather & climateLiving systems open source
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Annual update of sixteen planetary vital signs by William Ripple, Christopher Wolf and colleagues in BioScience; in 2026 seven of the sixteen are at record extremes.
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Recent reports, from a creek in Kentucky to the Strait of Hormuz, each read for the question someone there would put to a model of their place, and the kind of model that would answer it.
books
Paul Edwards's 2010 history of how climate knowledge is made from models and data together, from early weather observation to global climate simulation.
Open-access reference edited by Guo, Goodchild and Annoni, 2020, on the vision, technologies and uses of a digital model of the whole planet.
Andrew Blum's 2019 account of the global system of stations, satellites, supercomputer models and institutions behind the daily weather forecast.
tools
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Knowledge graph of urban climate adaptation plans from the Urban Tech Hub at Cornell Tech; AI agents read city plans and extract actions, hazards, outcomes and costs, each traced to its source sentence.
Cities & placesWeather & climatePeople & society partly open sourcepartly open dataAPI
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ECMWF's machine-learning global weather model, run operationally beside its physics-based system since 2025; weights published openly.
Weather & climate open source
Microsoft Research foundation model for the Earth system, fine-tuned for global weather, air pollution and ocean-wave forecasting; code and weights open under MIT.
Weather & climate open source
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Open-source Python library by James Adams that computes drought, fire and flood-potential indices such as SPI, SPEI, the Palmer family and KBDI from station or gridded precipitation and temperature.
Weather & climateWaterFire open source
World Resources Institute's web tool that maps heat hazard, exposure and cooling opportunity in a city and estimates how much street trees, cool roofs or shade structures would lower air temperature and thermal stress, at neighbourhood and city scale.
Weather & climateCities & places open sourceopen dataAPI
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Feature of Deltares' Delft-FEWS forecasting platform, from version 2026.02, that pulls Google Flood Hub river forecasts and flood status through Google's Flood Forecasting API so forecasters can compare them with their own models and observations.
The European Commission's Destination Earth builds digital twins of the Earth system, implemented by ECMWF with ESA and EUMETSAT, for climate change adaptation and weather-induced extremes.
Molecular atlas that links microbial genes and transcripts from wetland and coastal sediments to field measurements of methane, nitrous oxide and sulfur, as evidence for blue-carbon projects; contacts are at Ecosphere Blue, whose MethaNet product is built on it.
Living systemsWaterWeather & climate partly open data
Tropocen's browser-based GIS for urban heat adaptation, with a 3D model of a city district, PALM-4U microclimate simulation and a planning editor for comparing cooling measures.
Cities & placesWeather & climate closed source
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Google's family of geospatial AI models and agents, covering satellite imagery, weather, floods and population, reached through Google Earth, Earth Engine, BigQuery, Maps Platform and Google Cloud.
Cities & placesPeople & societyWeather & climateWaterEnergy partly open sourcepartly open dataAPI
Experimental Gemini-based agent from Google Research that plans a multi-step spatial analysis, calls Earth AI models and geospatial data sources, and returns the result with its plan and sources shown.
Cities & placesPeople & societyWeather & climateEnergy closed sourceAPI
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Free public site from Google Research with riverine flood forecasts, flood maps and water trends for river basins in over 150 countries, updated daily; the same forecasts reach Search, Maps and Android and can be pulled by API.
WaterWeather & climate partly open sourceopen dataAPI
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AI weather model from Schmitt, Jain and co-authors that retrains ECMWF's AIFS on satellite precipitation observations to forecast rain more accurately at the local scale.
Ecosphere Blue's planned assessment service for blue-carbon projects, rating project performance with methane-risk projections drawn from microbial genomic evidence in mangrove sediment.
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Two AI weather-forecasting stacks: Google DeepMind's WeatherNext 3, a hosted global model that forecasts hourly and feeds Google products and cloud datasets, and NVIDIA's Earth-2, a family of open models and tools that organisations run on their own GPUs.
Weather & climate partly open sourceopen dataAPI
data sources
Global 10 km map of observed and projected change in attainable crop yields under climate change, from a team at IAE-CSIC and the Barcelona School of Economics, expressed as the number of people each grid cell could feed.
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Climate Change Institute, University of Maine. Daily charts and day-of-year data for global and regional sea surface temperature, 2 m air temperature and sea ice extent, drawn from NOAA OISST and ECMWF ERA5.
Weather & climateWater open data
Satellite observations and Earth-observation processing.
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NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory's record of atmospheric carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa Observatory since 1974, as daily, weekly, monthly and annual means, with a global mean series.
Weather & climate open data
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National Snow and Ice Data Center's running record of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent and concentration, daily and monthly, from November 1978 to the present. Version 4.
Weather & climateWater open data
Map and dataset from Cornell researchers of about 1.8 million individual tree crowns in New York City classified to genus from PlanetScope satellite imagery and airborne lidar, including trees on private land and in natural areas; published August 2026.
Living systemsWeather & climate open sourceopen data
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Global storm-resolving atmosphere simulation output from the DOE E3SM project's SCREAM model, repackaged by NVIDIA as Zarr on Hugging Face for training and testing machine-learning weather and climate emulators.
Weather & climate open data
organizations
Not-for-profit community interest company in England and Wales that turns environmental data into maps, 3D representations and installations for partners such as councils, architects and research groups.
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Long-term monitoring network that resurveys permanent plots on European mountain summits; its 21 years of data underpin a 2026 Science study reporting rising local extinctions of alpine plants.
events
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Call for papers from Leonardo/ISAST for a focus section of the journal Leonardo on art, science and technology work about climate, environmental justice and ecological repair; manuscripts due 15 December 2026.
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Special issue call from the journal Sustainability in Smart Cities (Bon View Publishing) on AI and smart-city methods for climate mitigation, adaptation and resilience at building, neighbourhood and city scale, digital twins among the listed topics; submissions due 1 June 2027.
video channels
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Talks and project videos from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, home of the Destination Earth digital twins; filtered here for twin, simulation and earth-system items.
digital twins
The European Commission's digital replica of the ocean, built and run by Mercator Ocean International and the Flanders Marine Institute; a public platform that joins Copernicus Marine and EMODnet data with ocean models and what-if scenario applications.
WaterLiving systemsWeather & climate open dataopen participation
terms
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A proposal for a foundation model trained on observations of the Earth itself, estimating the planet's current state and simulating how it responds to intervention.
A proposed social-science counterpart to Earth System Science, set out in The Anthropocene Crisis (Cambridge University Press), edited by Mathias Albert and Barry Buzan.
podcasts
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Podcast of the Global Weather Enterprise Forum on the value of weather and climate information, hosted by Alan Thorpe and David Rogers; its AI series includes an episode on digital twins of the planet.
sections
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Six running measurements of the planet's state, refreshed from their sources at every deploy.
questions
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What weather is coming this week, and how will the climate of this place change over decades?
Symbol: "atmosphere" by rendicon, Noun Project, CC BY 3.0.